Financial Calculator

Full TVM calculator: solve N, I/Y, PV, PMT, or FV like a financial calculator.

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Educational estimate only — not investment, lending, or financial advice. Confirm figures with statements or a qualified professional before you act.

About this tool

A calculator-style time-value-of-money solver. Choose the one value you want, fill in the others, and get the answer. Use it for loan payments, savings targets, required rates and how many periods something takes.

How to use

1
Step 1
Choose what to find: future value, present value, payment, periods or interest rate.
2
Step 2
Fill in the remaining fields. Money you receive is positive and money you pay out is negative.
3
Step 3
Set payments per year, compounds per year and whether payments fall at the end or start of each period.
4
Step 4
Press Calculate.

How it works

The five quantities are linked by one equation: PV, PMT and FV are connected through N periods at a periodic rate of I/Y ÷ compounds per year. Fix any four and the fifth follows. Sign convention matters: a loan you receive is a positive PV and the payments you make are negative PMT. Ordinary annuities pay at the end of each period; annuity-due pays at the start.

PV + PMT × [1 − (1 + i)^−N] ÷ i + FV × (1 + i)^−N = 0      i = periodic rate

Worked example

Payment on a 200,000 loan

Input
N 360; I/Y 6%; PV 200,000; FV 0; 12 payments and compounds a year; solve PMT
Output
PMT −1,199.10
Walkthrough
The monthly rate is 6% ÷ 12 = 0.5%. The level payment that repays 200,000 over 360 months at that rate is 1,199.10. It shows as negative because it is money paid out.

Limitations

  • Assumes level periodic payments and a constant rate.
  • Signs must be consistent, or the answer will not make sense.
  • Interest-rate and period solves are iterative and may fail for impossible combinations.

Questions

How do I calculate a loan payment with a financial calculator?
Enter N, I/Y and PV as a positive amount, set FV to 0 and solve for PMT. For 200,000 at 6% over 360 months the payment is 1,199.10.
Why is the answer negative?
Cash outflows are negative. A positive PV means you received the loan, so repayments come out negative.
What is the difference between payments per year and compounds per year?
Payments per year is how often you pay; compounds per year is how often interest is added. For most loans both are 12.
What is annuity-due?
Payments at the start of each period instead of the end, as with rent paid in advance.

Features

  • Solve for N, I/Y, PV, PMT or FV
  • End or start-of-period payments
  • Separate payment and compounding frequency
  • Runs in your browser

Guides

Related resources

Guides and videos from around the web—opens on YouTube or the publisher’s site.

  • Present value and future value

    Khan Academy

    TVM vocabulary for N/I/Y/PV/PMT/FV solves.

    Watch on YouTube

  • Compound interest introduction

    Khan Academy

    Core compounding behind TVM and ICONV tools.

    Watch on YouTube

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